Aude Bernheim (Institut Pasteur), Evolution of immunity across domains of life
21 November | 13 h 30 min - 14 h 30 min
Aude Bernheim is a microbiologist interested in how bacteria fight off their viruses. (See details below). She is invited by ImmunoConcEpt and more specifically by the Conceptual Biology & Medicine team.
Abstract
Immune defence mechanisms exist across the tree of life in such a wide diversity that the immune mechanisms of bacteria (antiphage systems) were considered unrelated to immunity of eukaryotes. However, recent discoveries unveiled hundreds of novel antiphage systems. Among this diversity of novel bacterial immune mechanism, it emerged that a subset of antiphage defense systems are conserved in eukaryotes and are major actors of diverse immune pathways, leading us to revisit this paradigm. I will discuss the evolutionnary dynamics of immunity across domains of life and how the conservation of immune modules in bacteria, plants and animals can lead to discoveries in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Bio
Aude Bernheim did her PhD in the Pasteur Institute in Paris studying the evolution of CRISPR-Cas systems and her post-doc in the Weizmann Institute in Israël focusing on the discovery of novel prokaryotic immune systems.In 2021, she started the lab Molecular Diversity of Microbes that she currently leads. The lab joined the Pasteur Institute in 2023. Aude Bernheim’s research focuses on how bacteria fight their viruses called phages and the conservation of anti-phage systems in all domains of life: What is the diversity of anti-phage systems and how does it emerge? What are the molecular mechanisms of microbial immune systems? Can bacteria produce small molecules to target viruses? Can we discover novel human immune genes based on their similarity with bacterial antiphage systems ?